Manouche Maestro |
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Django at Carnegie Hall NYC 1946 ( Sat 23rd and Sun 24th November)
When Reinhardt mounted the stage to rehearse with Duke Ellington on November 18, 1946 in Cleveland, Ohio, the Duke asked him what key the tune was in. Django told him that he didn't understand what the word "key" meant. When they translated it for him, he told Duke to not worry about the key, just play.
The Main Hall (Isaac Stern Auditorium)Carnegie Hall's main auditorium seats 2,804 on five levels. It was named for violinist Isaac Stern in 1997. The Main Hall is enormously high, and visitors to the top balcony must climb 137 steps. All but the top level can be reached by elevator. The main hall was home to the performances of the New York Philharmonic from 1892 until 1962. Known as the most prestigious concert stage in the U.S., almost all of the leading classical music, and more recently, popular music, performers since 1891 have performed there. After years of heavy wear and tear, the hall was extensively renovated in 1986 The Gypsy's Priorities After the Liberation Django went on to headline at the Olympia with Fred Astaire. Then, at the very zenith of his career, he flew across the Atlantic to join Duke Ellington on an exceptional tour which ended with an unforgettable performance at the Carnegie Hall in New York. Much to everyone’s consternation, Django failed to show on the second night, - an "acte manqué" for which the Americans never forgave him.
Dukes Men on Stage at Carnegie Hall - Fred Guy on Rhythm Guitar When Django was scheduled to play with Duke's orchestra at Carnegie Hall in an 8:30pm concert. As was so often the case, he was running on "Gypsy time" and showed up two hours late. Despite his tardiness, he thrilled the audience which gave him a grand ovation that occasioned 6 curtain calls. When Duke Ellington later asked him for an explanation, Django stated that he ran into boxer and fellow Frenchman Marcel Cerdan (husband of Edith Piaf) on the street. Happy to run into a countryman in a strange city, the two repaired to a café and chatted for over an hour. This was typical of Django who when not playing before audiences enjoyed the carefree traditional Gypsy life. This included whiling away the hours in small talk with his extended family, playing billiards, fishing and driving along country roads. In 1949, after his career had entered a slump (partly the outcome of critics' anger at his Carnegie Hall lateness), he sold his Paris apartment, bought a Lincoln, attached a trailer to it, and head out to the open roads of France. Eventually he hooked up with a larger caravan that included his mother, who lived in an old Citroën that had been converted into a van. From his camps in the countryside, he'd venture into Paris for occasional gigs, always making sure to take some money from a fat wad of banknotes that he kept under his pillow. Like most Gypsies, the younger generation of musicians tends to be more assimilated. One doubts that Lagrene or Rosenberg live this kind of life. However, there can be no doubt about the large role that Django played in their musical evolution. One of the glories of last night's performance was to see the fingering techniques of both of these musicians in a style that largely can often only be experienced on recordings. When listening to one of Django Reinhardt's solos, you constantly hear all sorts of quarter-tones and half-tones that have a bluesy inflection. Rosenberg has obviously mastered this technique and you can watch how he does it: strings are simultaneously plucked and pulled. The plucking yields the tone, while the pulling provides overtones and shading. It is also what gives the Reinhardt style its characteristic tremulous quality. It is a synthesis in many ways of the American blues and the Gypsy style, both of which emerge from the soul of deeply oppressed peoples.
Django Pictures - Honeysuckle Rose Male
Gypsies exist in a timeless macho continuum in which obligations and
appointments are largely meaningless. In 1946, Django, dreaming of sitting with
Hollywood stars by their pools, finally got to America for a three-month tour.
He travelled with the Duke Ellington Band in its private railroad car, and it
played in Chicago, Cleveland, Detroit, and Pittsburgh before finishing up with
two nights at Carnegie Hall. But on the evening of the second concert, Django
ran into the Champion French Boxer Marcel Cerdan, who had a scheduled bout at
Madison Square Garden, and, slipping into Gypsy time, went to a bar with Cerdan
to drink and talk about life and France. When he suddenly remembered where he
was supposed to be, he jumped into a cab and, because he spoke almost no
English, ended up somewhere on the East Side. He got to Carnegie Hall at eleven
o'clock and probably played the same four numbers, backed by the band, that he
had played in Chicago - a blues, a variation of "Tiger Rag," one of his own
dreaming pieces, and "Honeysuckle Rose." (The Chicago concert was recorded.) The
applause was reportedly thunderous. I talked directly with Marcel Cerdan and he said Django had a couple of drinks with him (Americano's) that day, they met casually in the late afternoon on the fifth, Marcel had a walk this afternoon with some friends to buy some "New World" Christmas gifts for Edith. They spoke a long time together about their hands as Marcel had a broken hand in those days but however won the bout against Jean Pankowlack on October the 20th, 1946 just before going to the States and Django too had problems with his left hand but they just laughed on that because in despite of that fragility both of them were "world champions" in their own category boxing for Cerdan and Jazz Guitar for Reinhardt...
Jack Solomon's was pretty much on the mark in his summation of Cerdan. The Casablanca Clouter was in no way a deception with his powerful arms and shoulders, his barrel chest and his gold-toothed rugged handsomeness. He was every inch a furious fighting man at 5’ 7” and 158lbs, a thinking man’s puncher whose strength and hitting power were allied to an imaginative mind and excellent footwork. How could his footwork be anything less? Playing league soccer for Casablanca had honed his speed and agility and taught him how to manoeuvre his way out of tight corners.
Marcel Cerdan was already an acquaintance of Edith Piaf's before they met up in New York. She had been introduced at the Club des Cinq, Paris in 1946. He was a boxer. Born in Algeria, he was remarkable in his talent and had rarely lost a fight. His fame equalled Edith's but they belonged to different worlds. She went her own way, never imagining they would meet up again.
Piaf with Django - now, on the other Hand Epi Or Gibson It was claimed Reinhardt played a guitar which had been given to him in the United States, an Epiphone Zephyr #3442.It was actually a Gibson ES300
Charles Delaunay, who was the son of the unique and celebrated Parisian geometric colourists Sonia and Robert Delaunay, supervised most of Reinhardt's recordings. This, he said, is what music meant to Reinhardt: "Life for Django was all music. He was full of constant enthusiasm when he played - shouting in the record studio when someone played something he liked, shouting when he played himself … When he was accompanying in the bass register he sounded like brass and in the treble like saxophones. He had a constant vision of music - a circle of music - in his head. I think he could see his music." Reinhardt's style had such presence and power and imagination that, in the manner of masters like Charlie Parker and Sidney Catlett and the Armstrong of the early thirties, he surpassed his very instrument. He created an almost disembodied, alternately delicate and roaring whorl of music. Charlie Christian, who flourished between 1939 and 1941, when Django was near the top of his powers, became the first consummate electric guitarist and, following Lester Young's lead on the tenor saxophone, fashioned long, hornlike lines that had their own flawless logic and beauty. (Jim Hall, the paramount guitarist, still idolizes Christian, and Hall, in turn, is idolized by such contemporary guitarist, still idolizes Christian, and Hall, in turn, is idolized by such contemporary guitarists as Pat Metheny. Reinhardt's utter originality largely confounds imitation.) But Reinhardt turned the sounds he played inside out, decorating them with his winging vibrato, his pouring runs and glissandos, his weaving and ducking single-note lines, and his sudden chordal tremolos and offbeat explosions. All these sounds were controlled by an adventurous rhythmic sense. Like Billie Holiday and Red Allen and Jimmy Rowles, he could leap ahead of the beat, or fall behind it or ride it mercilessly. And this rhythmic sense was constantly coloured by his dynamics, which moved back and forth between flutters and whispers, talking tones, and cascades and roars. Two peculiarities shaped Reinhardt's playing: he had enormous hands, and the two smallest fingers on his left hand - his fret-board hand- were permanently bent at the second knuckle. (The had been burned in a fire in his caravan, and he was so badly injured that his wounds never healed properly.) The huge hand made the crippled fingers work nonetheless; thus the mysterious chords and melodic lines that no one had heard before. Reinhardt might start a medium-tempo ballad with three or four bars of slightly altered melody, played in single notes behind the beat, each phrase graced by his vibrato (almost a tremble), pause for a beat, and go into a brief mock double-time, rest again, drop in an abrupt, massive chord, and release a hissing upward run. Then he'd cut his volume in half and turn into the bridge with a delicate, fernlike single-note variation of the melody, letting his notes linger and bend and float on his vibrato. Just before the end of the bridge, he would loose another offbeat chord, let it shimmer for three or four beats, work through a humplike arpeggio, lower his volume again, and return to a single note variation of the original melody and come to rest. Almost all his solos in the thirties and early forties have an exotic romanticism, a hothouse quality; the notes roll and echo with Eastern European and Spanish overtones. Armstrong and Ellington had taught him to swing and be cool, but he filtered them through his Gypsy mind.
Django, Gibson ES300 and Paul Whiteman A review of the concert on
the 23rd, in part: This gives us a glimpse of the less than
'warm' reception Django received here in the US at least on that night. Django
arrived in America without his trusty Selmer guitar, thinking that US Guitar builders
of the day would present him with guitar - but it didn't happen. This little
review gives more insight into that quote of Django's. The Carnegie Hall concert
would have been the 'big event' on this tour, and getting a less than favourable
review would not be something anyone would want to remember or anything that
would take a career upward. I wonder who the dozen top-flight guitarists were
that would have upstaged or equalled him? In the Les Paul 'Chasing Sounds' DVD he talked about meeting Django, who he called the 'greatest guitar player' he ever knew'. So, I'm not sure that the reviewer of the Carnegie Hall concert was all that correct. He maybe was a bit disappointed with the 'wait' or the way Django was incorporated into the show or defensive of the Home Artists. Leonard Feather when reviewing the Carnegie Hall concert said patronisingly " .....Django was a pleasant surprise because I had expected so little, but to others he was a big disappointment because they had expected too much." He then went onto compare Django unfavourably with "....Oscar Moore, Barney Kessel, Chuck Wayne, Mary Osborne, Johnny Collins (Nat Cole Trio) and other top people in jazz on this instrument".. |
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